CWA Building in the main street

Merriwa
Small rural town in the Upper Hunter Valley
The small rural town of Merriwa is located at the western extremity of the upper Hunter district, alongside the Merriwa River, 327 km north-west of Sydney and 62 km west of Scone. It has a current population of about 1000.

Merriwa derives from an Aboriginal term thought to mean 'grass seeds'. Possibly the first European in the vicinity was Allan Cunningham who made a camp here by the river in the 1820s. The area was initially known as the Gummum Plains district, after the river, which was then known as Gummum Creek.

The first runs were taken up in the late 1820s. An early pastoralist was Charles Blaxland (son of explorer Gregory Blaxland) who established Cullingral station to the immediate south and south-west of town. The homestead is still standing. His uncle, John Blaxland, held land along the riverside to the north of the present townsite. After being detained by the British authorities in 1808 as a mutineer against the deposed Governor Bligh, John managed to convince the authorities of his innocence in 1811 and returned to the colony where he became a merchant, landowner and MLA of some note.

The townsite was surveyed in 1839 with the streets being named after early settlers who were attracted by the quality of the pasturage. Merriwa served a flourishing district which was located on a route through the Liverpool Range to the Liverpool Plains. When the railway was built to the east in the 1870s (it did not arrive in Merriwa until 1917) the popularity of the route declined.

It was at nearby Poggy Station that the Governor brothers, subjects of the novel and film 'The Chant of Jimmy Blacksmith', struck on 24 July 1900. Here Jimmy Governor killed Elizabeth O'Brien and her baby son. This was part of a rampage which had started at Breelong (see Gilgandra) where Governor, reputedly incensed by a snub his pregnant wife had received from the Mawbey family and particularly their schoolteacher Helena Kurz, took a tomahawk and murdered Mawbey's wife, two daughters, son and Helena Kurz. (see Girilambone) They hid out in what is now Goulburn River National Park where armed parties conducted a search.

Today Merriwa is at the centre of a vast mixed farming area focusing principally on cattle, sheep, wheat and horse studs, although olive trees are becoming increasingly common in the area. The Festival of the Fleeces is held on the long weekend in June. This celebration of rural heritage includes shearing and shed hand competitions, games, a street parade, yard dog trials, a billy cart derby, spinning display and a woolshed dance. The rodeo is held in February, the Polocrosse carnival in July and the Agricultural Show in September.

Things to see:  

Heritage Buildings
Catholic Complex
As you enter Merriwa from Scone you come to a T-intersection on the northern outskirts of town. Opposite is an attractive sandstone building with a fine verandah which is St Joseph's Primary School, established as a convent by four sisters of St Joseph from Lochinvar in 1885. A wooden building served as their residence until the present stone building was erected in 1918.

Just around the corner is St Anne's Roman Catholic Church which was built in 1879-81 to a design by J.W. Pender, with extensions in 1938. The first Catholic church in town dates from 1858.

Tourist Information
Continue down McCartney St to Bow St and turn left, following it to the intersection with Bettington St, the main road. The town centre has been declared an urban conservation area.

At the corner of Bettington and Bow Sts is the Merriwa Historical Cottage which houses the Merriwa Tourist Centre and the Merriwa Historical Society Museum. The sandstone cottage was built sometime between 1847 and 1856 as a private residence. It is thought that a series of banks operated from there between 1871 and the early 20th century. The School of Arts used the basement as a meeting place from 1869 until they received their own building in 1876. Dances were held here in the 1920s.

Today there is a modest display relating to local history in the back rooms. The information centre is open from 10.00 a.m. - 3.00 p.m. daily. It has self-guided historical walks brochures, tel: (02) 6548 2505. At the front of the building, by Bettington St, is the headstone of the Chinese cook from the Fitzroy Hotel who, at one stage, lived in the cottage cellar.

Fitzroy Hotel

Fitzroy Hotel
Over the road is the Fitzroy Hotel (1892). It was built for James Ell, then co-owner of The Royal Mail and Passenger coaches which departed from the hotel on a daily basis for Gungal, Muswellbrook and Denman.

Anglican Complex
Continue south along Bow St to the Holy Trinity Anglican Church, built in 1899-1900 to replace the original 1855 timber church which was consecrated by Bishop Tyrrell. Anglican services began in Merriwa in 1848. The tower is a memorial to Reverend William Wilson who once rode 1300 km on horseback investigating his parish.

The old graveyard is behind the church. It contains the tomb of James Roper who accompanied Ludwig Leichhardt on his famous overland expedition from Brisbane to Port Essington (in the Northern Territory) in 1844-45. Roper was the first European to see the Roper River in the Northern Territory which was named by Leichhardt in his honour. He became government stock inspector at Merriwa in 1868 and was prominent in local affairs. The monument was erected from a fund started by the Sydney Daily Telegraph upon his death in 1895.

Holy Trinity Anglican Church

The rectory, built in 1875, is at the south-western corner of town, by the corner of Gooch and Glebe Sts. Over the road from the church is the Shire Hall (1911) and the timber School of Arts, built in 1876 and used for a time as the shire hall.

School Buildings
Continue south along Bow St. At the next intersection turn right into Mackenzie St. Near the end of the road, to the right, is a sandstone building which was originally a classroom of the town's first National School (1878). Adjoining it is the headmaster's residence (1878) which still serves as the home of the school principal.

Return along Mackenzie St, across Bow St. Near the intersection with Vennacher St, to the right, is the primary school, established in 1885. The gate posts and the stonework come from the homestead of noted explorer W.C. Wentworth. He was a member of the first European party to find a route across the Blue Mountains in 1813. The sundial in the school yard belonged to Charles Blaxland, brother of explorer Gregory Blaxland and one of the first land grantees in the area.

Bottle Museum and Steam Engine
The Bottle Museum has over 5000 bottles of all shapes, sizes, modes of construction and functions, dug up from local properties by a father and son. Some date back to the early 19th century. There is also a rock and mineral display and a collection of pre-decimal currency. They are open from 8.30 a.m. - 5.00 p.m. weekdays.

Opposite, by the pool, is a Brittania Steam Engine, imported from England in 1890 to power a Wolseley sheep-shearing machine at Charles Blaxland's Cullingral station, west of town. The first large-scale mechanical shearing in Australia had taken place in 1888.

The CBC Bank (now NBA)

The Town Centre
On the south-eastern corner of Vennacher and Bettington Sts is the National Bank, situated in the old CBC bank building, built in 1916. Opposite is the enormous Royal Hotel, which was erected in 1914 on the site of the old Cricketer's Arms Inn (1850s).

Turn right into Bettington and a short distance along, to the left, is the post office, built in 1888. Opposite is Memorial Park, the site of the town's first Catholic Church (1858) and cemetery. Return along Bettington and turn right into Vennacher St. On the left is the sandstone courthouse, built in 1858 with additions made in 1866 and 1885.

The Kurrajong Tree at 133 Bettington St is a gift and craft shop open every day but Sunday. Merriwa Country Gifts is at 98 Bettington St.

The Battery
15 km from the town of Merriwa, along the road to Muswellbrook, is the Battery Picnic Area which is situated around a remarkable rock formation consisting of lava that has cooled to form cylindrical columns which cluster along the cliff face like a series of organ pipes or pencils. The phenomen is known as columnar jointing.

Goulburn River National Park
The Goulburn River National Park is located to the south-east of town. It covers around 70 000 ha of land adjacent the river which makes its way past sandstone cliffs, caves and gorges which contain numerous Aboriginal stencils and paintings. There are also axe-grinding grooves, campsites, scarred trees and quarries. It is thought that the abundance of cultural material (some 250 sites) reflects the fact that the area was situated on a major trading route between the coast and the western plains.

The park is a haven for eastern grey kangaroos, red-necked wallabies, wallaroos, wombats, goannas, water dragons, turtles and numerous bird species, including lyrebirds, wedge-tailed eagles, parrots and emus. River oaks, narrow-leaved ironbarks, narrow-leaved stringybarks and rough-barked apple dominate the riverbanks and river flats.

The major access road is Ringwood Rd. It heads south from the Merriwa-Cassilis Rd, 6.7 km west of the bridge on the western outskirts of Merriwa. There are no camping facilities but there are plenty of opportunities for bush camping. White Box Camp is available for vehicle-based camping. Spring Gully is a campsite by the river, although it lies along what is really a 4WD track, suitable only in dry weather.

9 km down Ringwood Rd is a roadside sign indicating a gem fossicking area to the right. Bushwalking is another obvious attraction. The most easily accessible trail is that to Lees Pinch Lookout. A signpost 13.5 km down Ringwood Rd indicates the starting point of the walk. It is a short distance to some spectacular elevated views from the escarpment to the eastern section of the park.

Mt Dangar (670 m above sea-level), in the south-eastern corner of the park, is also considered a suitable destination for walkers, offering an exceptional panorama of the area. It was sited in 1824 by Henry Dangar who named it Mt Cupola but renamed by Allan Cunningham who became the first European to climb it the following year.

Those interested in photography and wildlife observation will also find the park rewarding. Topographic maps and further information are available by contacting (02) 6543 3533.

	Tourist Information
	Merriwa Tourist Information Centre cnr Bettington & Bow Sts Merriwa NSW 2329 Telephone: (02) 6548 2607
	Motels
	El Dorando Motel 50 Bettington St Merriwa NSW 2329 Telephone: (02) 6548 2273 Facsimile: (02) 6548 2208 Rating: **1/2
	Hotels
	Fitzroy Hotel 128 Bettington St Merriwa NSW 2329 Telephone: (02) 6548 2258
	Royal Hotel Bettington St Merriwa NSW 2329 Telephone: (02) 6548 2235
	Cottages & Cabins
	Sandy Hollow Caravan Park & Country Cottages Golden Hwy Sandy Hollow 2333 Merriwa NSW 2329 Telephone: (02) 6547 4575 Rating: ****
	Caravan Parks
	Merriwa Caravan Park Bettington St Merriwa NSW 2329 Telephone: (02) 6548 2700 Facsimile: (02) 6548 2700 Rating: **
	Sandy Hollow Caravan Park & Country Cottages Golden Hwy Sandy Hollow 2333 Merriwa NSW 2329 Telephone: (02) 6547 4575 Rating: ***1/2
	Restaurants
	Merriwa RSL Club Bettingto St Merriwa NSW 2329 Telephone: (02) 6548 2157